A 5-year-old boy is admitted to the hospital for acute glomerulonephritis. What are typically the first symptoms?
Explanation
• Glomerulonephritis comprises a specific set of renal diseases that causes inflammation and proliferation of glomerular tissue.
• Acute glomerulonephritis is often caused by a recent streptococcal infection such as impetigo or strep throat.
• Hematuria (pink or cola-colored urine) and proteinuria (foamy urine) are the first clinical symptoms of a patient with acute glomerulonephritis.
• High blood pressure, edema, and heart failure may result after the loss of protein and blood in the urine.
Incorrect options:
• Azotemia is the elevation of urea and creatinine in the blood. In glomerulonephritis, this is uncommon in the beginning but may indicate advanced disease after severe damage to the kidney.
• Fever will accompany a streptococcal infection, which precedes acute glomerulonephritis.