The nurse is providing discharge instructions to a patient originally admitted with hyperosmolar hyperglycemic nonketotic syndrome (HHNS). Which of the following patient statements is true regarding the prevention and management of HHNS?

"I should stay hydrated and pay attention to my urine output, thirst, and hunger."

Explanation

• Dehydration, when combined with hyperglycemia and illness, can lead to HHNS. The patient should stay hydrated and be alert of signs of hyperglycemia.

• HHNS occurs when extreme hyperglycemia causes severe dehydration, increased osmolarity, and coma or death. It is usually precipitated by infection, illness, or stress.

• Eating carbohydrates in the presence of polydipsia will worsen the patient's condition.

• HHNS is more common in patients with type 2 diabetes.

• These patients are managed with oral antidiabetic agents and do not usually require blood glucose monitoring.

• Drinking a glass of juice when experiencing symptoms of hyperglycemia is not recommended.

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